Leading and Lagging Power Factors

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Leading and Lagging Power Factors

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Section

An inductive component is said to have a lagging power factor because the current lags the voltage.

A capacitive component is said to have a leading power factor because the current leads the voltage.

With reference to the following diagram, when current lags voltage Q is positive,
 
thus                is positive.

With this interpretation:
 

a.a lagging PF, Q is positive,

b.a leading PF, Q is negative.

Section
 

Given : S & PF, Compute P & Q

Given : P & Q, Compute S & PF

 

 

 
if PF ≥ 0

 
 

 
 

 
 
if PF < 0
 

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 
if P = 0

 

 

 

 

if |P| > 0

 

 

 
if Q = 0

 

 

 

 

if |Q| > 0

 

Section

Lagging Power Factor

0 ≤ θ ≤ 180°

Case2

Case1

Leading Power Factor

0 ≥ θ ≥ -180°

Case4

Case3

Section